Design Fundamentals

THE ELEMENT OF DESIGN

• LINE 
• SHAPE & FORM
• COLOUR
• TEXTURE
• SPACE
• VALUE

LINE

Line are serious of dots. The serious points of the line has emerged. The line is produced with the use of a tool or media that started from a starting point to build across an area of an object. The linear marks made with a pen or brush or edge created when the shape made.

SHAPE & FORM

The terms shape is commonly used to refer to the geometric properties of an object or its external boundary (outline, external surface), opposed to other properties such as colour, texture and material composition

Form is a three-dimensional geometrical figure (i.e.: sphere, cube, cylinder, cone, etc.), as opposed to a shape, which is two-dimensional or flat.

COLOR

Color is the element of art the is produced when light, striking an object is reflected back to the eye.

There are three properties to colour. First is hue, which simply means the name we give to a colour (red, yellow, blue, etc.)

The second property is intensity, which refers to the strength and vividness of the colour. For example, we may describes  the colour blue as "royal" (bright, rich, vibrant) or "dull" (grayed).

The third and final property of colour is its value, meaning its lightness or darkness. the term shade and tint are in reference to value changes in colours.

TEXTURE

Texture, feel of canvas based on the paint used and method of application or element of design and its application in art.

SPACE

Space refers to distances of areas around, between or within components of a piece. Space can be positive (white or light) or negative (black or dark), open or closed, shadow or deep and two-dimensional or three-dimensional. sometimes space isn't actually within a piece, but the illusion of it is.

VALUE

Value is defined as the relative lightness or darkness of a colour. It is an important tool for designer/artist, in the way that it defines form and create spatial illusions. Contrast of value separate objects in space, while gradation of value suggests mass and contour of a contiguous surface.

THE PRINCIPLE OF DESIGN

• PATTERN
• EMPHASIS
• VARIETY
• UNITY
• BALANCE
• RHYTHM & MOVEMENT
• PROPORTION

PATTERN

Pattern means the repetition of an element (or elements) in a work.

EMPHASIS

Emphasis is defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and become a focus point. Subordination is defined as minimizing or toning down other compositional elements in order to bring attention to the focal point.

VARIETY

Variety is often obtained through the use of diversity and change by artists who wish to increase the visual interest of their work.

UNITY

Unity occurs when all the elements of a piece combine to make a balanced, harmonious, complete whole. Unity is another of those hard-to-describe art terms but, when its present, your eye and brain are pleased to see it.

BALANCE

Balance is arranging element so no one part of a work overpowers or seems heavier than any other part. The three different kind of balance are symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial. Symmetrical (of formal) balance is moststable, in a visual sense.

RHYTHM & MOVEMENT

A visual tempo or beat. The principle of design that refers to a regular repetition of element of art to the look and feel of movement.

PROPORTION

Proportion refers to the relative size of parts of a whole (elements within an object).